HC: Land Division (Uganda)

The Land Division is a Division created at the High Court Head office at Kampala.

The Division is charged with the following functions:Responsibility of supervising the work of Land Tribunals, the adjudication of all land related dispute fall under this Division. The land Division is established with three judges with a separate registry for the Division .There is a Registrar for the Land Division who doubles as the Registrar of the Land Tribunals. A desk office was also established under the office of the Registrar to handle the activities of the District Land Tribunals.

 

Physical address
Twed Towers, along Kafu Road, Nakasero, Kampala.
199 judgments
  • Filters
  • Judges
  • Topics
  • Alphabet
Sort by:
199 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
March 2021
Appellant failed to prove breach of a land sale agreement; trial court’s evaluation and hearing were fair.
* Contract – sale of land – payment of instalments – whether purchaser breached time-limited payment clause; estoppel and waiver of strict compliance. * Evidence – burden of proof on balance of probabilities; quality over quantity; adverse inference where a party withholds material testimony. * Civil procedure – right to fair hearing – parties choose whether to testify; court not obliged to compel a party to give oral evidence.
4 March 2021
2 March 2021
1 March 2021
A co‑defendant may cross‑examine a fellow defendant's witness where interests conflict; applicant's challenge on costs failed.
* Civil Procedure – Revision under s.83 CPA – scope limited to jurisdictional errors, illegal acts or material irregularity. * Evidence/Procedure – Co‑defendant entitled to cross‑examine another defendant's witness where inter‑se interests conflict. * Affidavit practice – Deponent swearing in personal capacity requires no written authority; failure of other applicants to file affidavits may render them outside the application. * Costs – Condemnation to costs of the day under O.17 r3 CPR is a discretionary power and not automatically irregular.
1 March 2021
February 2021
Court finds defendant’s registration fraudulently procured, declares trespass, orders title rectification, damages (UGX 35,000,000) and costs.
Land law – title obtained by fraud – evidential burden under Evidence Act s.103; Trespass as a continuous tort and limitation; Registration of Titles Act s.177 – cancellation/rectification of title; Damages for unlawful possession and contempt of injunctive orders.
26 February 2021
25 February 2021
The respondent lawfully acquired a kibanja before title registration and is not a trespasser; counterclaim succeeds with declarations, injunction and damages.
* Land law – unregistered kibanja interests – protection of bona fide occupants and purchasers under the Land Act and Land Amendment Act (sections 29(5), 31, 35(8)). * Evidence – burden of proof and credibility – applicant's contradictions undermining claimed title superiority. * Relief – dismissal of trespass claim; declaratory relief, permanent injunction, general damages and costs to successful counterclaimant.
25 February 2021
The respondent lawfully acquired a kibanja; the applicant’s trespass claim is dismissed and the respondent’s counterclaim succeeds.
* Land law – kibanja (unregistered occupancy interest) – protection of bona fide purchaser/occupant under the Land Act and Land Amendment Act. * Evidence – credibility and contradictions – assessment on the balance of probabilities. * Remedies – declaration, injunction, damages and costs on successful counterclaim.
25 February 2021
22 February 2021
18 February 2021
18 February 2021
A suit filed by a company not recognised by the Registrar lacks a cause of action and is struck out.
* Civil procedure – striking out plaint – Order 6 Rule 30 CPR – plaint must disclose reasonable cause of action. * Company law – legal personality and capacity to sue – effect of Registrar General/URSB decision on corporate existence. * Procedural relief – stay of proceedings – cannot be granted where plaintiff lacks legal status to sue.
12 February 2021
Plaintiff's fraud-based land claim not time-barred; preliminary objections dismissed and suit ordered to proceed.
* Civil procedure – preliminary objections – smuggled pleadings – held properly before court following compliance with directions. * Limitation – fraud exception – time runs from discovery; pleaded 2015 discovery defeats limitation plea. * Pleadings – sufficiency – plaint and annexures plead ownership, violation, fraud and collusion; cause of action disclosed. * Locus standi – beneficiary of alleged transfer has standing to sue. * Privity – cannot be determined on preliminary objection; reserved for full trial. * Statutory notice – non‑compliance not fatal under current authority.
12 February 2021
Registered proprietors deprived of land by an unopposed decree are aggrieved and entitled to review where denied a hearing.
* Civil procedure — Review (s.82 Civil Procedure Act; O.46) — Whether third-party registered proprietors are "aggrieved persons"; failure to join or notify affected registered proprietors as error apparent on face of record; sufficient reason to review where property rights affected. * Constitutional law — Property — Article 26(2) — Protection against compulsory deprivation of property without due process. * Land registration — Effect of court decree on titles and Registrar's duty to execute cancellation subject to affected parties' right to be heard.
12 February 2021
Appellant's long possession and valid inter vivos gift prevail; admission of an unproved will vitiated the trial judgment.
Land law – gift inter vivos – elements and proof; Lawful/bonafide occupation – long possession under the Land Act; Evidence – proof and admissibility of wills; Illegality – admission of unproved document vitiates trial judgment; Equitable rights – unregistered but effective rights against the world.
11 February 2021
Beneficiary failed to prove fraud; transferee held bona fide purchaser and suit for recovery of estate land dismissed.
Land law – bona fide purchaser for value; Registration of Titles Act – s.59 and s.181; caveat and withdrawal of caveat; letters of administration and revocation (Succession Act); proof of fraud; locus of beneficiary to sue for recovery of estate land.
10 February 2021
Applicant’s registered lease reinstated after cancellation set aside for failure to accord the applicant a fair hearing.
* Civil review – Section 82 CPA and Order 46 r.1 CPR – review for error apparent on face of record and discovery of new evidence. * Constitutional right to fair hearing – necessity to make affected lessee a party before cancelling registered lease. * Company affidavits – necessity for deponents to show authority to depose on behalf of corporate applicant. * Remedy – setting aside cancellation, reinstatement of registered lease, hearing inter partes.
9 February 2021
Court vacated two caveats but preserved the first respondent’s caveat pending a substantive suit within 60 days.
* Land law – caveats – vacation of caveat – temporary protective measure under Registration of Titles Act s.139. * Civil procedure – insufficiency of motion with affidavits to determine competing proprietary rights – requirement for substantive suit by plaint. * Beneficiary claims under a will – retention of caveat pending adjudication.
8 February 2021
Proceedings held without joining the registered proprietor and without mandatory pre‑trial conference were irregular and set aside.
* Land law – Proprietorship v trespass – plaint seeking declaration of lawful/bonafide occupancy as primary claim – trespass secondary. * Civil procedure – Mandatory scheduling conference – Order 12 rule 1 CPR – duty of court to hold and adopt/revise joint scheduling memorandum. * Civil procedure – Joinder of parties – Order 1 rule 3 CPR – registered proprietors must be joined where proprietorship is challenged. * Registration of Titles Act (cap 230) s.59 – certificate of title conclusive proof of ownership; proceedings without registered proprietor breach natural justice. * Remedy – Proceedings and judgment set aside; fresh suit advised; each party to bear own costs.
8 February 2021
Failure to file the mandatory estate inventory defeats the plaintiffs’ cause of action; plaint rejected and suit dismissed with costs.
Succession law – mandatory filing of inventory under section 278(1) – failure to file or seek court extension defeats cause of action; plaint rejected under Order 7 r.11 CPR; suit dismissed with costs; administrators’ duties and procedural compliance.
8 February 2021
Plaintiff failed to prove fraudulent registration or transfer; suit dismissed and plaintiff ordered to bear costs.
* Land registration – Allegation of fraudulent procurement of letters of administration and fraudulent registration of land titles; * Evidentiary requirements – necessity of certified court/administration records to prove alleged fraud; * Registration of powers of attorney – presumption and timing under s.146 Registration of Titles Act; * Caveats – validity depends on authority to act; * Transfer of title – burden to prove transaction and passage of title to transferee.
8 February 2021
Prior possession plus a valid purchase defeats titles and registrations derived from fraud; fraudulent grants and tainted transfers are void.
Land law – purchase and possession – adverse possession; Registration of Titles – indefeasibility defeated by fraud in procurement of administration grant; Administrators’ grant obtained by misrepresentation; Bona fide purchaser protection negated by notice of prior occupation.
5 February 2021
Court permitted amendment to join the property custodian where amendment challenged allocation cancellation and raised no new cause of action.
Amendment of pleadings – adding necessary parties – whether proposed amendment introduces new cause of action – cancellation of allocation by property custodian – necessity to join custodian to avoid multiplicity of suits.
4 February 2021
Beneficiary caveats protect equitable interests and cannot be removed without a court order or hearing for the caveator.
Registration of Titles Act – Caveats – beneficiary caveat; protectable equitable interest; beneficiary caveat removable only by caveator or court order; procedural fairness and right to be heard before removal; Registrar justified in refusing removal absent opportunity to show cause.
4 February 2021
Revision allowed: agent’s affidavit competent; Wakiso Magistrate lacked geographical jurisdiction, judgment set aside.
Civil procedure – Revision under section 83 CPA – scope limited to jurisdictional and irregular exercise of jurisdiction; Affidavits – competence where agent holds power of attorney; Magistrates’ jurisdiction – pecuniary limits and geographical/local limits; Nullity of proceedings for lack of geographical jurisdiction.
4 February 2021
1 February 2021
Court held the applicant's affidavit competent, plaint discloses cause of action and locus standi issues are premature.
Civil procedure – interlocutory application in land suit; competence of affidavit sworn in personal capacity; plaint discloses cause of action; locus standi and nature of suit land premature for interlocutory determination; plaint not barred by law; costs in the cause.
1 February 2021
Applicant entitled to refund for unjust enrichment despite breach; interest at 18% and respondent to pay 50% of costs.
Contract law – interpretation, waiver and estoppel; breach for non-payment of instalments; unjust enrichment – money had and received; restitutionary remedy; award of interest and apportionment of costs.
1 February 2021
January 2021
Application to amend defence dismissed because proposed amendments introduced new facts and prejudiced the respondent.
Civil procedure – Amendment of pleadings – Leave to amend written statement of defence – Whether proposed amendment introduces new cause of action – Prejudice to respondent and impermissible requirement to amend plaint – O.5/O.6 r19 & r31 CPR – Authorities on amendments.
29 January 2021
Notice of Motion served out of time and High Court lacks revisionary jurisdiction over Town Council orders; application dismissed.
Civil procedure – Service of Notice of Motion – O.5 r.1(2) – service must be effected within 21 days of issue; failure to serve is fatal; Affidavit evidence – hearsay insufficient to controvert sworn non-service; Revision – Section 83 Civil Procedure Act limits High Court revision to Magistrates' Courts; Town Council orders not revisable by High Court; Procedural compliance – failure to seek extension of time or state legal basis renders application incompetent.
28 January 2021
Caveat removal application dismissed for failure to prove statutory service and failure to join the caveator, who had a pleaded interest.
* Registration of Titles Act – caveats – requirement to specify interest – sufficiency of statutory declaration; * Registration of Titles Act s140 – Registrar’s notice to caveator – requirement of personal service/proof of service; * Right to be heard – necessity to join caveator where caveat affects his asserted equitable interest; * Pending related suit concerning same land – effect on caveat removal application.
25 January 2021
Appellate court upheld that respondent’s inherited bona fide occupancy under the Land Act defeats appellant’s trespass claim; appeal dismissed with costs.
Land law – bona fide occupant – occupation unchallenged for 12+ years – s.29(2)(a) Land Act; inheritance of occupancy – s.34(2) Land Act; registered title vs statutory occupancy protection; burden of proof – sections 101–103 Evidence Act; evidential weight of locus visit.
22 January 2021
Appeal dismissed as incompetent for failure to obtain statutory leave to appeal from magistrate’s orders.
Civil procedure – appeals from Magistrates’ Courts – Section 76(1) Civil Procedure Act; Order 44 Civil Procedure Rules – requirement for leave to appeal where no statutory right of appeal; Order 52 applications – orders not attracting automatic right of appeal; jurisdictional competence; failure to seek leave in trial court renders appeal incompetent.
22 January 2021
Appeal dismissed as time-barred and procedurally defective due to an unpermitted amended memorandum and argumentative grounds.
Appeals — time limits under section 79 Civil Procedure Act — requirement to show good cause for late filing; Appeals — amendment of memorandum of appeal requires leave of court (Order 6/Order 43) — improper amendments rendered appeal incompetent; Civil Procedure — grounds of appeal must be concise and non-argumentative (Order 43 Rule 1(2)); Appellate review — role as rehearing but procedural compliance is mandatory before merits considered.
22 January 2021
Application to remove caveat and order subdivision dismissed due to contradictory affidavits and lack of specific particulars.
* Land law – Caveat – Removal – Applicant must specify the caveat and produce supporting search particulars; contradictory affidavits vitiate summary relief. * Civil procedure – Motions on affidavit – When material disputes of fact and credibility require oral evidence, the matter should proceed by ordinary plaint and trial. * Land law – Subdivision/appointment of surveyor – Disputed factual matrix and competing title acts defeat summary appointment.
22 January 2021
Caveats give temporary protection; a caveator must promptly institute proceedings or the caveat will lapse.
Land law – Caveat – Requirement for caveatable interest and duty to show cause under Registration of Titles Act s.140(1) – Caveat as temporary protection – Obligation to institute substantive proceedings: delay and COVID‑19 considered – Conditional lapse of caveat if no suit filed within fixed time.
21 January 2021
A registrar lacks jurisdiction to dismiss a part‑heard suit; such dismissal is a nullity and the suit remains pending.
Civil procedure — Registrar powers — Order 50 CPR does not authorize Registrars to dismiss part-heard suits; dismissal under Order 17 r.6 by a registrar without jurisdiction is a nullity; procedural mis‑citation (O.9 r.23) not necessarily incurable.
21 January 2021
The plaintiff who purchased the land was entitled to recovery, declaration of trespass, UGX36,000,000 damages and costs.
Land law – ownership by purchase and transfer – vacant possession and title as proof of ownership; Trespass – unauthorised entry and interference with possession; Remedies – declaration of trespass, order for recovery, general damages and costs; Ex parte judgment where defendants failed to enter defence.
21 January 2021
Court reinstated dismissed suit subject to UGX30,000,000 security for costs; each party to bear own costs.
Civil procedure – setting aside dismissal – reinstatement of suit – unopposed application – security for costs as condition for reinstatement to prevent abuse and backlog – costs: each party bears own costs.
21 January 2021
The applicants successfully annulled a fraudulent post-mortem transfer, reclaimed title, and obtained damages, interest and costs.
Land law – Title obtained by fraud – Post-mortem transfer of certificate of title – Administrators’ locus to challenge registration – Cancellation of registration and transfer to administrators; award of general damages, interest and costs.
21 January 2021
A third party omitted from proceedings may obtain review limited to the affected property for denial of a fair hearing.
Civil Procedure — Review — O.46 r1 — mistake or error apparent on the face of the record; Third-party review — aggrieved proprietor; Constitutional right to fair hearing — failure to join party; Relief limited to affected property; Costs awarded for partial success.
21 January 2021
Contempt claim dismissed for failure to prove respondents disobeyed land-allocation order; fresh trespass suit advised.
* Contempt of court – alleged disobedience of LCIII and High Court orders – requirement to prove occupation of the portion decreed to applicant. * Interpretation of subordinate court order – allocation between widow and clan; absence of reversion clause. * Appropriate remedy – contempt proceedings not suitable to challenge title; fresh civil suit for trespass advised.
20 January 2021
Applicants failed to prove fraud; respondents who purchased without notice hold indefeasible title as bona fide purchasers.
Land law – indefeasibility of title – bona fide purchaser for value without notice; Succession and administration – letters of administration later annulled for fraud; Proof of fraud – must be specifically pleaded and strictly proved; Evidential burden – failure to call Land Registration official and vendor weakens fraud claim; Caveat and white page discrepancies – not determinative absent notice to purchaser.
20 January 2021
20 January 2021
Plaintiffs failed to prove fraud; subsequent bona fide purchasers’ registered titles are protected and claims dismissed.
Registration of Titles – indefeasibility of title; bona fide purchaser for value without notice; revoked letters of administration and effect on subsequent purchasers; burden and strict proof of fraud; caveat as encumbrance not bar to transfer.
20 January 2021
Forged title cancelled; estate administrators declared owners; 1st defendant recognised as bona fide occupant of half an acre.
* Land law – title – forgery of certificate of title – forged instrument number and absent registry records; registry concession to cancel title. * Equity and remedies – cancellation of title, declaratory relief and permanent injunctions where title procured by fraud. * Possession – bona fide occupant protection under s.29(2)(a) of the Land Act; limited occupancy recognised despite fraud affecting title. * Agency/privy – beneficiary or participant in fraudulent acquisition may be held privy and deprived of proprietary claims.
19 January 2021
Plaintiff failed to prove title; hand‑over document invalid and defendants lawfully possess the land.
Land law – customary tenure v Kibanja – characterization of unregistered land; Evidence – authenticity of written family hand‑over document; Possession – continuous occupation, gifts and purchases; Burden of proof – plaintiff’s duty to establish vendor title and document authenticity; Due diligence in land transactions; Reliefs – eviction and declarations denied where title unproved.
19 January 2021
Court must consider the applicant’s pending discovery and may extend time before declaring a suit abated.
* Civil procedure – Order XIA Civil Procedure Amendment Rules 2019 – requirement to take out summons for directions within 28 days. * Extension of time – Order XIA r 1(5) – court may extend 28-day period where discovery of documents is required, on application or suo motu. * Abatement – a suit should not be declared abated without considering pending applications that engage exceptions or extensions under Order XIA. * Duty of court – Registrar/Deputy Registrar must study the file and exercise discretion judiciously before ordering abatement.
11 January 2021
A temporary injunction preserves the status quo where the applicant in possession shows a prima facie case and irreparable harm.
Land law – temporary injunctions – preservation of status quo pending substantive suit – prima facie case, irreparable injury and balance of convenience – interlocutory court must not determine title – damages may be inadequate for land recovery.
11 January 2021