HC: Civil Division (Uganda)

The Civil Division is a division of the high court. It's functions include: Hearing appeal cases from the Magistrates' courts in connection with torts committed against the person, Defamation, Bankruptcy and company winding up matters, Partnership matters,Companies matters, Real and personal property.

Physical address
Twed towers, along Kafu Road, Nakasero.
31 judgments
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31 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
October 2025
Appeal dismissed: applicant failed to prove requested documents were in respondents’ possession or relevant for discovery.
Civil procedure — Discovery of documents — Requirement to show documents exist and are in opponent’s possession, custody or power — Relevance and materiality to matters in issue — Avoidance of fishing expeditions — Public/third‑party records obtainable from URSB or banks — Appellate restraint in reviewing discretionary discovery rulings.
31 October 2025
High Court revised magistrate’s decree: principal debt upheld but punitive and compound interest awards set aside.
Civil procedure – Revision under Section 83 CPA – jurisdictional limits and review for illegality or material irregularity; Order 36 specially endorsed plaint – liquidated demand; punitive/penalty interest and compound interest not recoverable in summary suit where amounts are unascertained.
31 October 2025
Leave to defend summary suit refused where affidavit and proposed defence disclosed no bona fide triable issue.
Civil procedure – Order 36 summary procedure – leave to appear and defend – triable-issue test; proposed written statement of defence should be attached and sufficiently particular; bare denials or vague assertions are inadequate; refusal of leave under Order 36 Rule 5 results in judgment for plaintiff.
31 October 2025
Interim injunction dismissed: funds already disbursed and applicant failed to show irreparable harm; respondents lawfully implementing amended statute.
Interim injunctions — prerequisites (urgency, irreparable harm, status quo) — overtaken-by-events doctrine — limits on restraining implementation of Acts of Parliament — Political Parties and Organisations (Amendment) Act 2025 conditioning public funding on statutory IPOD membership — balance of convenience.
29 October 2025
The High Court lacks jurisdiction to entertain the applicant's pre-Commission election complaint; application dismissed as premature.
* Constitutional and electoral law – jurisdiction – Articles 61(1)(f) and 64(1) – Electoral Commission as first-instance forum for pre-poll and polling complaints. * Administrative law – exhaustion of remedies – premature judicial review against matters pending administrative review. * Voter registration – parish tribunal recommendations and Commission review process; appeal to High Court lies only from final Commission decisions. * Binding precedent – Court of Appeal and Supreme Court authority that High Court is not first-instance forum for such election complaints.
24 October 2025
Court pierced corporate veil where respondent director used the company to frustrate execution through deliberate transfers.
Company law – lifting/piercing corporate veil – Companies Act s.20 – ‘‘alter ego’’ doctrine – abuse of separate legal personality to frustrate execution – fraudulent transfers to related company and to director’s personal account – execution remedies and costs.
24 October 2025
Detention beyond 48 hours violated the applicant’s right to personal liberty; torture allegations were not proved.
Constitutional law – Article 23 (personal liberty) – detention beyond 48 hours; Prohibition of torture – Article 24 and Prevention and Prohibition of Torture Act – burden of proof and admissibility of medical evidence; Human Rights (Enforcement) Act – remedies and compensation for violated fundamental rights.
23 October 2025
Challenge to party primary cancellation dismissed as overtaken by events and therefore moot.
Administrative law – Judicial review – amenability and exhaustion of internal remedies; Elections – cancellation and fresh primaries; Mootness – application overtaken by events; Procedural impropriety vs correctness of decision; Party dispute resolution and tribunals' errors.
22 October 2025
Government may verify beneficiaries of representative judgments to prevent fraud without unlawfully interfering with execution.
Executive verification of beneficiaries; allegations of fraud in representative suits; use of security agencies to verify identities lawful to protect public funds; no interference with execution of court judgments where verification is justified.
22 October 2025
Habeas corpus dismissed where State denies custody and applicants are treated as missing persons.
Habeas corpus – constitutional non-derogable remedy – burden to produce detainee – returns and searches – absence of custody evidence – missing persons and missing-person investigations.
22 October 2025
Interdiction of a Head of Department was unlawful and procedurally improper; interdiction quashed, charges quashed, damages awarded.
Judicial review – administrative decision – interdiction of senior public officer – amenability to review; Illegality – disciplinary control and removal of Heads of Department reserved to the President – interdiction by non‑appointing authority ultra vires; Procedural impropriety – failure to give fair hearing, failure to frame charges and consult Solicitor General; Contempt – charging/prosecuting despite interim court order; Remedies – certiorari, prohibitory injunctions, quashing of charges, damages and costs.
21 October 2025
Contempt application dismissed because the applicant lacked authority to represent the claimants, so merits were not considered.
Contempt of court — elements: lawful order, knowledge, ability to comply, disobedience; Standing/locus — authority to represent multiple claimants in contempt proceedings; Civil procedure — failure to prove representation justifies dismissal without addressing merits.
21 October 2025
Applicant admitted debt and failed to raise a triable issue; leave to defend dismissed and summary judgment entered for the plaintiff.
Summary procedure — Leave to appear and defend — Order 36 rule 3(1) — Bona fide triable issue required — Affidavit sufficiency — Admission of debt — Contractual terms not establishing defence — Entitlement to summary decree on refusal of leave.
19 October 2025
Stay of execution denied because applicant failed to show a prima facie likelihood of success on appeal.
* Civil procedure – Stay of execution pending appeal – Requirements under Order 43 r.4 – necessity of pending appeal, likelihood of success, absence of unreasonable delay, and security. * Appellate procedure – Likelihood of success as primary consideration – importance of annexing grounds of appeal to enable assessment. * Equity – Balance of convenience – protection of successful party’s fruits of judgment and compensability by monetary relief.
18 October 2025
Judicial review available where a party tribunal rescinded a declaration and re‑tallied votes without affording a fair hearing.
• Judicial review – amenability of political party organs and internal election tribunals; public body status of political parties. • Administrative law – grounds for review: illegality, irrationality (Wednesbury), and procedural impropriety (natural justice). • Functus officio – returning officer/district registrar lacks power to rescind a declared result once declared; errors fall to the tribunal. • Procedural fairness – re‑tallying or verification exercises affecting rights must afford affected candidate opportunity to participate or witness. • Remedies – certiorari to quash tribunal decision and mandamus to compel issuance of party flag/card.
17 October 2025
High Court lacks jurisdiction to stay or suspend a criminal contempt sentence for scandalising the court; remedy is appeal.
* Contempt of Court – classification – distinction between civil (remedial) and criminal (punitive) contempt. * Scandalising the court – public statements/tweets as criminal contempt capable of undermining public confidence. * Procedure and remedies – criminal contempt sentences are fixed and the sentencing court becomes functus officio; remedy lies in appeal. * Indirect (not in the face of court) contempt can nonetheless be criminal where it scandalises the judiciary.
16 October 2025
Temporary injunction granted where society’s council constitutionality and fairness of meetings are in dispute.
Administrative law; injunctions – preservation of status quo pending trial; society governance – constitution of Council under s.9 Uganda Law Society Act; requisitioned meetings – interplay of s.16(1) and s.16(2); natural justice – right to fair hearing in removal/censure; disqualification by sentence – Regulation 15(2)(e).
16 October 2025
Defendants breached sale and refund agreements; plaintiff awarded UGX 68m refund, UGX 30m damages, interest and costs.
* Contract law – land sale – failure to deliver vacant possession – breach of contract and entitlement to rescission and refund. * Evidence – burden on plaintiff to prove on balance of probabilities; admission and weight of documentary evidence (PEX1, PEX3, PEX4). * Remedies – repayment of purchase price, general damages, interest (commercial and court rates), and costs. * Civil procedure – defendants’ non‑attendance and non‑compliance; proceeding ex parte under Order 9 rule 20.
13 October 2025
Judicial review inappropriate to decide substantive appointment rights; applicant used wrong procedure and application was time‑barred.
Judicial review — amenability — procedural impropriety, illegality and irrationality — supervisory remedy not for determining substantive appointment rights — time‑bar under Judicature (Judicial Review) Rules (three months).
13 October 2025
Assignment of tenancy without landlord’s prior written consent amounted to trespass; eviction, damages and injunction granted.
Landlord and Tenant — Assignment/subletting — Prior written consent required by tenancy clause; Trespass — unlawful occupation after tenancy expiry; Unauthorized permanent structures — no compensation to trespasser; Remedies — eviction, special and general damages, interest, injunction, costs.
13 October 2025
Cancellation of title without statutory notice or hearing was procedurally irregular; certiorari and mandamus granted.
Land law; judicial review; procedural fairness and natural justice; Section 88 Land Act notice and hearing requirement; illegality and ultra vires administrative action; certiorari and mandamus as remedies.
13 October 2025
Court pierced the corporate veil and held directors personally liable for deliberately frustrating execution of a valid judgment.
* Company law – Corporate personality – Piercing the corporate veil where company used to frustrate execution of a valid decree or to evade legal obligations. * Civil procedure – Execution of decrees – Scope and effect of Section 34(1) Civil Procedure Act; executing court’s powers and when a fresh suit may be entertained. * Jurisdiction – Pecuniary limits of Magistrate Grade I; award within jurisdictional limits. * Remedies – Personal liability of directors where company is used as instrument to defeat judgment enforcement.
13 October 2025
Official Receiver exceeded statutory powers by halting liquidation over a disputed, unsubstantiated creditor claim.
Judicial review – administrative law – amenability and scope; Insolvency law – liquidator’s discretion to admit/reject proofs of debt (s.9; Reg.176); limits on Official Receiver’s investigatory powers (s.203; Insolvency (Investigation & Prosecution) Regs) – ultra vires intervention; remedies – certiorari, mandamus, prohibition; damages not ordinarily available in judicial review.
13 October 2025
No interim injunction where title was lawfully cancelled; no status quo, no prima facie case, and balance of convenience favours respondent.
Land law – Interim injunctions – Status quo – Cancellation of title under Land Act s91 – Judicial review – Prima facie case – Irreparable harm – Balance of convenience – Judicial restraint of statutory functions.
8 October 2025
Court authorized personal representatives to convene an EGM under s138 to appoint directors and regularize company affairs.
* Companies Act s138 — court power to order meetings where it is impracticable to convene under articles; * Standing of personal representatives to seek court-ordered meeting; * Inherent equitable jurisdiction of High Court to prevent corporate collapse; * Adequacy of notice by publication; * Relief to appoint directors and regularize company affairs (filing of annual returns).
8 October 2025
Court granted habeas corpus on reasonable-ground affidavit alleging forcible removal and secret detention.
Habeas corpus — reasonable grounds standard under s.34 Judicature Act — particularised affidavit required; naming state officers; remedy for alleged unlawful or secret detention.
8 October 2025
Counter claimant entitled to UGX 146,060,000 and UGX 10,000,000 damages for breaches by the 1st and 3rd counter defendants.
Contract – loan agreement – failure to repay and failure to perform payment terms under a memorandum of loan settlement – breach established; Contract – collaboration agreement – unauthorized release of stock held as security – breach established; Remedies – award of principal, general damages, interest (on damages) and costs; No award of interest on principal where criteria for compound interest not met.
7 October 2025
Interim injunction denied for failure to show imminent threat or irreparable harm from continued office occupancy.
Administrative law — public service appointment and continuation after retirement; Interim injunction — requirements: prima facie case, substantive application, imminent threat/irreparable harm; Public interest and continuity of government services; Balance of convenience — no compelling reason for interim relief.
2 October 2025
Habeas corpus granted where a police officer alleged unlawful military detention without charge or production to court.
* Constitutional law – Habeas corpus – Article 23(9) inviolable; * Judicature Act s.38(a) – prerequisites for writ of habeas corpus; * Civil procedure – joinder/striking out respondents (Order 1 r.10(2)); * Detention without charge or production – deprivation of personal liberty.
2 October 2025
Contempt application dismissed because applicant failed to prove the respondent had effective knowledge of the court order.
Contempt of court – civil contempt – elements: lawful order; knowledge of order; disobedience – knowledge must be proved clearly and beyond reasonable doubt – non‑party liability – proof of service/notice required.
2 October 2025
Court granted a limited interim injunction preventing the EC from declaring the party’s executive committee expired, but refused to order nominations.
Electoral law – interim injunction – conditions for interim relief – balance of convenience and public interest under Article 61(2) – party organs and sponsorship of candidates – court’s inherent equitable powers (Section 37 Judicature Act; Section 98 Civil Procedure Act).
1 October 2025