Access to information — Article 41 — Parliamentary mandate under Article 41(2) — ATIA provisions — cabinet records; confidentiality and privilege; deliberative process exemption — Section 1(2)(b) ATIA (court records pre-conclusion) held unconstitutional — Section 17 JSA (privilege of JSC communications) constitutional — Judicial Service Commission discretion in shortlisting — Attorney General non‑intervention and institutional independence.

Constitutional jurisdiction — statutory instrument — consultation via local government — right to property (Article 26) and prior compensation — burden of proof — res judicata on compensation interpretation — enforcement via Article 50.

Civil procedure – interlocutory application to set aside ex parte ruling – doctrine of mootness and functus officio – effect of final determination of underlying application – remedy by restoration – service of process disputes.

Civil procedure — Ex parte rulings — Rule 56(2) & (3) — Setting aside ex parte decisions — 'Sufficient cause' — Effect of counsel negligence on litigant's right to be heard — Service of process — Restoration of appeal for interparty hearing.

Civil Procedure – interlocutory relief – temporary injunction and interim orders – jurisdiction over land – territorial jurisdiction; registered title vs equitable interest; prima facie case; irreparable harm; balance of convenience; preservation of status quo.

Succession law – Extension of Letters of Administration (s.337 Succession Act) – Extension of time to file inventory and account (s.273) – Sufficient cause for extension where title re-issuance and squatters/bibanja negotiations caused delay – beneficiary consent – procedural directions for updated inventory.

Land law – proof of title and boundaries – sufficiency of purchase agreement; Possession evidence and locus visit – effect on ownership claim; Limitation – accrual of trespass cause of action when encroachment known; Pleading requirements – general damages must be pleaded or claimed/counterclaimed; Locus standi – validity of letters of administration at institution of suit.

Succession law – sale by beneficiaries prior to grant – equitable interest upon deposit and possession; Registration of Titles – certificate conclusive but impeachable for fraud; fraud must be attributable to transferee; bona fide purchaser without notice test; court cannot grant unpleaded monetary reliefs; orders against deceased estate require proper representation.

Civil procedure — Review jurisdiction — Error apparent on face of record — Distinction between review and appeal — Correction of patent contradictions in judgment; Reliefs not pleaded — Award of general damages not justified on review; Competency/leave to appeal from review decision heard by a different judge.

Administrative law — Judicial review — Requirement to exhaust internal and alternative remedies — Employment disputes governed by HR manual — Appeal window of seven days for internal appeal — Effective service/receipt of disciplinary decision.